introduction: in recent years, influenza viruses have caused moderate to severe infections all around the world while so far there is no influenza vaccine that can protect people with only one dose of injection. in this regard, producing a universal vaccine based on virus-like-particles (vlp) could be an ideal approach.  methods: in this study, the full-length orf of influenza hemagglutinin (ha...

Background and Aims: Influenza vaccine production process is time-consuming with little-to-no cross-protection which requires annual adjustment. The construction of a universal vaccine to deal with the pandemics and epidemics which occasionally threat human population is the aim of many researches worldwide. Today, influenza vaccines are mostly against two major antigenic proteins, hemagglutini...

Filamentous hemagglutinin is a surface-associated adherence protein of Bordetella pertussis, which is a component of some new acellular pertussis vaccines. The nucleotide sequence of an open reading frame that encompasses the filamentous hemagglutinin structural gene, fhaB, suggests that proteolytic processing is necessary to generate the mature 220-kDa filamentous hemagglutinin product. An Arg...

Electrically controllable deoxyribonuclic acid (DNA) nanolevers are used to investigate the binding interaction between Influenza A/Aichi/2/1968 and peptide called “PeB”, which specifically binds viral surface protein hemagglutinin. PeB is immobilized on gold electrodes of a “switchSENSE” biochip by conjugation DNA-strands that hybridized complementary anchors. The surface-tethered DNA strand c...

Background: Newcastle disease is a major avian disease that causes enormous economic loss in poultry industry. There have been a number of reports on the suitability of plant-based recombinant vaccine against this disease. Fusion (F) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) epitopes of the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) represent the major immunogenic sites for development of recomb...

Treatment of respiratory viral infections remains a global health concern, mainly due to the inefficacy available drugs. Therefore, discovery novel antiviral compounds is needed; in this context, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) like temporins hold great promise. Here, we discovered that harmless temporin G (TG) significantly inhibited early life-cycle phases influenza virus. The vitro hemagglutin...

The genomic segment encoding the putative hemagglutinin of infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV) is described. Expression of the putative hemagglutinin in a salmon cell line demonstrated hemadsorptive properties of the protein for salmon erythrocytes. The polypeptide was recognized by an ISAV-specific monoclonal antibody. Nucleotide sequencing indicated the occurrence of a variable region in th...

The composition of the plasma membrane domains of epithelial cells is maintained by biosynthetic pathways that can sort both proteins and lipids into transport vesicles destined for either the apical or basolateral surface. In MDCK cells, the influenza virus hemagglutinin is sorted in the trans-Golgi network into detergent-insoluble, glycosphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that are proposed...